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Emacs 24.1 introduced the notion of "basic major modes" and among these is prog-mode, see section "23.2.5 Basic Major Modes" in the Emacs manual. The prog-mode basic major mode is recommended as a base for derived major modes that are intended for editing source code.
The Nix Emacs mode supports syntax highlighting, somewhat sensible indenting, and refilling of comments. To enable Nix mode in Emacs, add something like this to your ~/.emacs file: (load "/nix/share/emacs/site-lisp/nix-mode.el") This automatically causes Nix mode to be activated for all files with extension `.nix'.