04995967e2
git-svn-id: svn://10.0.0.236/branches/BUGZILLA-2_16-BRANCH@121345 18797224-902f-48f8-a5cc-f745e15eee43
490 lines
10 KiB
HTML
490 lines
10 KiB
HTML
<HTML
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><HEAD
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><TITLE
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>Bugzilla Security</TITLE
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><META
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NAME="GENERATOR"
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CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+
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"><LINK
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REL="HOME"
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TITLE="The Bugzilla Guide"
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HREF="index.html"><LINK
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REL="UP"
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TITLE="Administering Bugzilla"
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HREF="administration.html"><LINK
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REL="PREVIOUS"
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TITLE="Groups and Group Security"
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HREF="groups.html"><LINK
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REL="NEXT"
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TITLE="Template Customisation"
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HREF="cust-templates.html"></HEAD
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CLASS="section"
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SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TH
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COLSPAN="3"
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ALIGN="center"
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>The Bugzilla Guide</TH
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="groups.html"
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="80%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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>Chapter 5. Administering Bugzilla</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="cust-templates.html"
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="section"
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><H1
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CLASS="section"
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><A
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NAME="security">5.6. Bugzilla Security</H1
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><TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CLASS="EPIGRAPH"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="45%"
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> </TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="45%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><I
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><P
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><I
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>Putting your money in a wall safe is better protection than
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depending on the fact that no one knows that you hide your money in a
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mayonnaise jar in your fridge.</I
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></P
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></I
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><DIV
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CLASS="note"
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><P
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></P
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><TABLE
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CLASS="note"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25"
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ALIGN="CENTER"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><IMG
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SRC="../images/note.gif"
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HSPACE="5"
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ALT="Note"></TD
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><P
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>Poorly-configured MySQL, Bugzilla, and FTP installations have
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given attackers full access to systems in the past. Please take these
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guidelines seriously, even for Bugzilla machines hidden away behind
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your firewall. 80% of all computer trespassers are insiders, not
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anonymous crackers.</P
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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><P
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>Secure your installation.
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<DIV
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CLASS="note"
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><P
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></P
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><TABLE
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CLASS="note"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25"
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ALIGN="CENTER"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><IMG
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SRC="../images/note.gif"
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HSPACE="5"
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ALT="Note"></TD
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><P
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>These instructions must, of necessity, be somewhat vague since
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Bugzilla runs on so many different platforms. If you have refinements
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of these directions for specific platforms, please submit them to
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<A
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HREF="mailto://mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org"
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TARGET="_top"
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> mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org</A
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>
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</P
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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>
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<P
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></P
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><OL
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TYPE="1"
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><LI
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><P
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>Ensure you are running at least MysQL version 3.22.32 or newer.
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Earlier versions had notable security holes and poorly secured
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default configuration choices.</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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> <EM
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>There is no substitute for understanding the tools on your
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system!</EM
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>
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Read
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<A
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HREF="http://www.mysql.com/documentation/mysql/bychapter/manual_Privilege_system.html"
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TARGET="_top"
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> The MySQL Privilege System</A
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>
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until you can recite it from memory!</P
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><P
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>At the very least, ensure you password the "mysql -u root"
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account and the "bugs" account, establish grant table rights (consult
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the Keystone guide in Appendix C: The Bugzilla Database for some
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easy-to-use details) that do not allow CREATE, DROP, RELOAD,
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SHUTDOWN, and PROCESS for user "bugs". I wrote up the Keystone advice
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back when I knew far less about security than I do now : )</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Lock down /etc/inetd.conf. Heck, disable inet entirely on this
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box. It should only listen to port 25 for Sendmail and port 80 for
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Apache.</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Do not run Apache as
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<SPAN
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CLASS="QUOTE"
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>"nobody"</SPAN
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>
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. This will require very lax permissions in your Bugzilla
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directories. Run it, instead, as a user with a name, set via your
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httpd.conf file.
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<DIV
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CLASS="note"
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><P
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></P
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><TABLE
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CLASS="note"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25"
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ALIGN="CENTER"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><IMG
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SRC="../images/note.gif"
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HSPACE="5"
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ALT="Note"></TD
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><P
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> <SPAN
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CLASS="QUOTE"
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>"nobody"</SPAN
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>
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is a real user on UNIX systems. Having a process run as user id
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<SPAN
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CLASS="QUOTE"
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>"nobody"</SPAN
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>
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is absolutely no protection against system crackers versus using
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any other user account. As a general security measure, I recommend
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you create unique user ID's for each daemon running on your system
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and, if possible, use "chroot" to jail that process away from the
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rest of your system.</P
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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>
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</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Ensure you have adequate access controls for the
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$BUGZILLA_HOME/data/ and $BUGZILLA_HOME/shadow/ directories, as well
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as the $BUGZILLA_HOME/localconfig and $BUGZILLA_HOME/globals.pl
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files. The localconfig file stores your "bugs" user password, which
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would be terrible to have in the hands of a criminal, while the
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"globals.pl" stores some default information regarding your
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installation which could aid a system cracker. In addition, some
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files under $BUGZILLA_HOME/data/ store sensitive information, and
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$BUGZILLA_HOME/shadow/ stores bug information for faster retrieval.
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If you fail to secure these directories and this file, you will
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expose bug information to those who may not be allowed to see
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it.</P
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><DIV
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CLASS="note"
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><P
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></P
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><TABLE
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CLASS="note"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25"
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ALIGN="CENTER"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><IMG
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SRC="../images/note.gif"
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HSPACE="5"
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ALT="Note"></TD
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><P
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>Bugzilla provides default .htaccess files to protect the most
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common Apache installations. However, you should verify these are
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adequate according to the site-wide security policy of your web
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server, and ensure that the .htaccess files are allowed to
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"override" default permissions set in your Apache configuration
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files. Covering Apache security is beyond the scope of this Guide;
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please consult the Apache documentation for details.</P
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><P
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>If you are using a web server that does not support the
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.htaccess control method,
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<EM
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>you are at risk!</EM
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>
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After installing, check to see if you can view the file
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"localconfig" in your web browser (e.g.:
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<A
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HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig"
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TARGET="_top"
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> http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig</A
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>
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). If you can read the contents of this file, your web server has
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not secured your bugzilla directory properly and you must fix this
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problem before deploying Bugzilla. If, however, it gives you a
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"Forbidden" error, then it probably respects the .htaccess
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conventions and you are good to go.</P
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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><P
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>When you run checksetup.pl, the script will attempt to modify
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various permissions on files which Bugzilla uses. If you do not have
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a webservergroup set in the localconfig file, then Bugzilla will have
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to make certain files world readable and/or writable.
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<EM
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>THIS IS INSECURE!</EM
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>
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. This means that anyone who can get access to your system can do
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whatever they want to your Bugzilla installation.</P
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><DIV
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CLASS="note"
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><P
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></P
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><TABLE
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CLASS="note"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25"
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ALIGN="CENTER"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><IMG
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SRC="../images/note.gif"
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HSPACE="5"
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ALT="Note"></TD
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><P
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>This also means that if your webserver runs all cgi scripts
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as the same user/group, anyone on the system who can run cgi
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scripts will be able to take control of your Bugzilla
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installation.</P
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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><P
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>On Apache, you can use .htaccess files to protect access to
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these directories, as outlined in
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<A
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HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=57161"
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TARGET="_top"
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>Bug
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57161</A
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>
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for the localconfig file, and
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<A
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HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=65572"
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TARGET="_top"
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>Bug
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65572</A
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>
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for adequate protection in your data/ and shadow/ directories.</P
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><P
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>Note the instructions which follow are Apache-specific. If you
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use IIS, Netscape, or other non-Apache web servers, please consult
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your system documentation for how to secure these files from being
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transmitted to curious users.</P
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><P
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>Place the following text into a file named ".htaccess",
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readable by your web server, in your $BUGZILLA_HOME/data directory.
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<P
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CLASS="literallayout"
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><Files comments> allow from all </Files><br>
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deny from all</P
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>
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</P
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><P
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>Place the following text into a file named ".htaccess",
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readable by your web server, in your $BUGZILLA_HOME/ directory.
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<P
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CLASS="literallayout"
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><Files localconfig> deny from all </Files><br>
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allow from all</P
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>
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</P
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><P
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>Place the following text into a file named ".htaccess",
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readable by your web server, in your $BUGZILLA_HOME/shadow directory.
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<P
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CLASS="literallayout"
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>deny from all</P
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>
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</P
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></LI
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></OL
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>
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</P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
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SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
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CELLPADDING="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="groups.html"
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="index.html"
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ACCESSKEY="H"
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>Home</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="cust-templates.html"
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="top"
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>Groups and Group Security</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
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><A
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HREF="administration.html"
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ACCESSKEY="U"
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>Up</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="33%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="top"
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>Template Customisation</TD
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