686 lines
11 KiB
HTML
686 lines
11 KiB
HTML
<HTML
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><HEAD
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><TITLE
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>Bugzilla Security</TITLE
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NAME="GENERATOR"
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CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+
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"><LINK
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REL="HOME"
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TITLE="The Bugzilla Guide - 2.17.5
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Development Release"
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HREF="index.html"><LINK
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REL="UP"
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TITLE="Installation"
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HREF="installation.html"><LINK
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REL="PREVIOUS"
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TITLE="OS Specific Installation Notes"
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HREF="os-specific.html"><LINK
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REL="NEXT"
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TITLE="Troubleshooting"
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HREF="troubleshooting.html"></HEAD
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><BODY
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CLASS="section"
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BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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TEXT="#000000"
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LINK="#0000FF"
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VLINK="#840084"
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CLASS="NAVHEADER"
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SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
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BORDER="0"
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CELLSPACING="0"
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><TR
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><TH
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COLSPAN="3"
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ALIGN="center"
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>The Bugzilla Guide - 2.17.5
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Development Release</TH
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="left"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="os-specific.html"
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ACCESSKEY="P"
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>Prev</A
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="80%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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>Chapter 4. Installation</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="10%"
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ALIGN="right"
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VALIGN="bottom"
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><A
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HREF="troubleshooting.html"
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ACCESSKEY="N"
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>Next</A
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><HR
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="section"
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><H1
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CLASS="section"
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><A
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NAME="security"
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></A
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>4.5. Bugzilla Security</H1
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><DIV
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CLASS="warning"
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><P
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></P
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><TABLE
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CLASS="warning"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25"
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ALIGN="CENTER"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><IMG
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SRC="../images/warning.gif"
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HSPACE="5"
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ALT="Warning"></TD
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><P
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>Poorly-configured MySQL and Bugzilla installations have
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given attackers full access to systems in the past. Please take these
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guidelines seriously, even for Bugzilla machines hidden away behind
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your firewall. 80% of all computer trespassers are insiders, not
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anonymous crackers.</P
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><P
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>This is not meant to be a comprehensive list of every possible
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security issue pertaining to the software mentioned in this section.
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There is
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no subsitute for reading the information written by the authors of any
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software running on your system.
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</P
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="section"
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><H2
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CLASS="section"
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><A
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NAME="security-networking"
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></A
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>4.5.1. TCP/IP Ports</H2
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><P
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>TCP/IP defines 65,000 some ports for trafic. Of those, Bugzilla
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only needs 1, or 2 if you need to use features that require e-mail such
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as bug moving or the e-mail interface from contrib. You should audit
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your server and make sure that you aren't listening on any ports you
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don't need to be. You may also wish to use some kind of firewall
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software to be sure that trafic can only be recieved on ports you
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specify.
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</P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="section"
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><H2
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CLASS="section"
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><A
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NAME="security-mysql"
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></A
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>4.5.2. MySQL</H2
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><P
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>MySQL ships by default with many settings that should be changed.
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By defaults it allows anybody to connect from localhost without a
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password and have full administrative capabilities. It also defaults to
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not have a root password (this is <EM
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>not</EM
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> the same as
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the system root). Also, many installations default to running
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<SPAN
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CLASS="application"
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>mysqld</SPAN
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> as the system root.
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</P
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><P
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></P
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><OL
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TYPE="1"
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><LI
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><P
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>Consult the documentation that came with your system for
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information on making <SPAN
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CLASS="application"
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>mysqld</SPAN
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> run as an
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unprivleged user.
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</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>You should also be sure to disable the anonymous user account
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and set a password for the root user. This is accomplished using the
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following commands:
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</P
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><TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
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><PRE
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CLASS="programlisting"
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> <TT
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CLASS="prompt"
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>bash$</TT
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> mysql mysql
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<TT
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CLASS="prompt"
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>mysql></TT
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> DELETE FROM user WHERE user = '';
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<TT
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CLASS="prompt"
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>mysql></TT
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> UPDATE user SET password = password('<TT
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CLASS="replaceable"
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><I
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>new_password</I
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></TT
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>') WHERE user = 'root';
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<TT
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CLASS="prompt"
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>mysql></TT
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> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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</PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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><P
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>From this point forward you will need to use
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<B
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CLASS="command"
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>mysql -u root -p</B
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> and enter
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<TT
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CLASS="replaceable"
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><I
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>new_password</I
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></TT
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> when prompted when using the
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mysql client.
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</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>If you run MySQL on the same machine as your httpd server, you
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should consider disabling networking from within MySQL by adding
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the following to your <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>/etc/my.conf</TT
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>:
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</P
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><TABLE
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BORDER="0"
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BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
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WIDTH="100%"
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><TR
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><TD
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><FONT
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COLOR="#000000"
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><PRE
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CLASS="programlisting"
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> [myslqd]
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# Prevent network access to MySQL.
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skip-networking
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</PRE
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></FONT
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>You may also consider running MySQL, or even all of Bugzilla
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in a chroot jail; however, instructions for doing that are beyond
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the scope of this document.
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</P
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></LI
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></OL
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="section"
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><H2
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CLASS="section"
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><A
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NAME="security-daemon"
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></A
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>4.5.3. Daemon Accounts</H2
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><P
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>Many daemons, such as Apache's httpd and MySQL's mysqld default to
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running as either <SPAN
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CLASS="QUOTE"
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>"root"</SPAN
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> or <SPAN
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CLASS="QUOTE"
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>"nobody"</SPAN
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>. Running
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as <SPAN
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CLASS="QUOTE"
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>"root"</SPAN
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> introduces obvious security problems, but the
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problems introduced by running everything as <SPAN
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CLASS="QUOTE"
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>"nobody"</SPAN
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> may
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not be so obvious. Basically, if you're running every daemon as
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<SPAN
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CLASS="QUOTE"
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>"nobody"</SPAN
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> and one of them gets compromised, they all get
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compromised. For this reason it is recommended that you create a user
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account for each daemon.
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</P
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><DIV
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CLASS="note"
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><P
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></P
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><TABLE
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CLASS="note"
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WIDTH="100%"
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BORDER="0"
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25"
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ALIGN="CENTER"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><IMG
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SRC="../images/note.gif"
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HSPACE="5"
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ALT="Note"></TD
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><P
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>You will need to set the <TT
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CLASS="varname"
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>webservergroup</TT
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> to
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the group you created for your webserver to run as in
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<TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>localconfig</TT
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>. This will allow
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<B
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CLASS="command"
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>./checksetup.pl</B
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> to better adjust the file
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permissions on your Bugzilla install so as to not require making
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anything world-writable.
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</P
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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></DIV
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="section"
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><H2
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CLASS="section"
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><A
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NAME="security-access"
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></A
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>4.5.4. Web Server Access Controls</H2
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><P
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>There are many files that are placed in the Bugzilla directory
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area that should not be accessable from the web. Because of the way
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Bugzilla is currently laid out, the list of what should and should
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not be accessible is rather complicated.
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</P
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><P
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>Users of Apache don't need to worry about this, however, because
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Bugzilla ships with .htaccess files which restrict access to all the
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sensitive files in this section. Users of other webservers, read on.
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</P
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><P
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></P
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><UL
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COMPACT="COMPACT"
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><LI
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><P
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>In the main Bugzilla directory, you should:</P
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><P
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></P
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><UL
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COMPACT="COMPACT"
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><LI
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><P
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>Block:
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<TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>*.pl</TT
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>, <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>*localconfig*</TT
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>, <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>runtests.sh</TT
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>
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</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>But allow:
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<TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>localconfig.js</TT
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>, <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>localconfig.rdf</TT
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>
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</P
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></LI
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></UL
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>In <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>data</TT
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>:</P
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><P
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></P
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><UL
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COMPACT="COMPACT"
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><LI
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><P
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>Block everything</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>But allow:
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<TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>duplicates.rdf</TT
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>
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</P
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></LI
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></UL
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>In <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>data/webdot</TT
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>:</P
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><P
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></P
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><UL
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COMPACT="COMPACT"
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><LI
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><P
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>If you use a remote webdot server:</P
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><P
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></P
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><UL
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COMPACT="COMPACT"
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><LI
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><P
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>Block everything</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>But allow
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<TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>*.dot</TT
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>
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only for the remote webdot server</P
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></LI
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></UL
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Otherwise, if you use a local GraphViz:</P
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><P
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></P
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><UL
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COMPACT="COMPACT"
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><LI
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><P
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>Block everything</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>But allow:
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<TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>*.png</TT
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>, <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>*.gif</TT
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>, <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>*.jpg</TT
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>, <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>*.map</TT
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>
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</P
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></LI
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></UL
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>And if you don't use any dot:</P
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><P
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></P
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><UL
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COMPACT="COMPACT"
|
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><LI
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><P
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>Block everything</P
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></LI
|
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></UL
|
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></LI
|
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></UL
|
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></LI
|
|
><LI
|
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><P
|
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>In <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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|
>Bugzilla</TT
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>:</P
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><P
|
|
></P
|
|
><UL
|
|
COMPACT="COMPACT"
|
|
><LI
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><P
|
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>Block everything</P
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></LI
|
|
></UL
|
|
></LI
|
|
><LI
|
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><P
|
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>In <TT
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CLASS="filename"
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>template</TT
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>:</P
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><P
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></P
|
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><UL
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COMPACT="COMPACT"
|
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><LI
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><P
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>Block everything</P
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></LI
|
|
></UL
|
|
></LI
|
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></UL
|
|
><P
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>You should test to make sure that the files mentioned above are
|
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not accessible from the Internet, especially your
|
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<TT
|
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CLASS="filename"
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>localconfig</TT
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> file which contains your database
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password. To test, simply point your web browser at the file; for
|
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example, to test mozilla.org's installation, we'd try to access
|
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<A
|
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HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig"
|
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TARGET="_top"
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>http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig</A
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>. You should
|
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get a <SPAN
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CLASS="errorcode"
|
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>403</SPAN
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> <SPAN
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CLASS="errorname"
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>Forbidden</SPAN
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>
|
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error.
|
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</P
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><DIV
|
|
CLASS="caution"
|
|
><P
|
|
></P
|
|
><TABLE
|
|
CLASS="caution"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
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BORDER="0"
|
|
><TR
|
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><TD
|
|
WIDTH="25"
|
|
ALIGN="CENTER"
|
|
VALIGN="TOP"
|
|
><IMG
|
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SRC="../images/caution.gif"
|
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HSPACE="5"
|
|
ALT="Caution"></TD
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|
><TD
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
VALIGN="TOP"
|
|
><P
|
|
>Not following the instructions in this section, including
|
|
testing, may result in sensitive information being globally
|
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accessible.
|
|
</P
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
></TABLE
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="tip"
|
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><P
|
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></P
|
|
><TABLE
|
|
CLASS="tip"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="25"
|
|
ALIGN="CENTER"
|
|
VALIGN="TOP"
|
|
><IMG
|
|
SRC="../images/tip.gif"
|
|
HSPACE="5"
|
|
ALT="Tip"></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
VALIGN="TOP"
|
|
><P
|
|
>You should check <A
|
|
HREF="http.html"
|
|
>Section 4.2</A
|
|
> to see if instructions
|
|
have been included for your web server. You should also compare those
|
|
instructions with this list to make sure everything is properly
|
|
accounted for.
|
|
</P
|
|
></TD
|
|
></TR
|
|
></TABLE
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
></DIV
|
|
><DIV
|
|
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
|
|
><HR
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
|
|
SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
|
CELLPADDING="0"
|
|
CELLSPACING="0"
|
|
><TR
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="os-specific.html"
|
|
ACCESSKEY="P"
|
|
>Prev</A
|
|
></TD
|
|
><TD
|
|
WIDTH="34%"
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
|
><A
|
|
HREF="index.html"
|
|
ACCESSKEY="H"
|
|
>Home</A
|
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></TD
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